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Bronze: The Alloy That Named an Era
Bronze changed everything. A simple alloy of copper and tin created the first long-distance trade networks, the first specialist artisan classes, and the first international arms races in human history....
Bronze: The Alloy That Named an Era
Bronze changed everything. A simple alloy of copper and tin created the first long-distance trade networks, the first specialist artisan classes, and the first international arms races in human history....
Lycurgus: The Spartan Lawgiver Who Might Have B...
Lycurgus supposedly created every institution that made Sparta Sparta. The agoge, the common messes, the land redistribution, the ban on gold and silver. The Delphic Oracle endorsed his laws as...
Lycurgus: The Spartan Lawgiver Who Might Have B...
Lycurgus supposedly created every institution that made Sparta Sparta. The agoge, the common messes, the land redistribution, the ban on gold and silver. The Delphic Oracle endorsed his laws as...
Lysander: Too Powerful for Sparta
Lysander won the longest war in Greek history by doing everything Sparta's system told him he should not do. He befriended a Persian prince, built a navy on foreign gold,...
Lysander: Too Powerful for Sparta
Lysander won the longest war in Greek history by doing everything Sparta's system told him he should not do. He befriended a Persian prince, built a navy on foreign gold,...
Black Broth — Why Spartans Didn't Fear Death
Every Spartan citizen ate the same meal at the same table every night. Black broth: pork cooked in its own blood with vinegar and salt. Each man contributed a fixed...
Black Broth — Why Spartans Didn't Fear Death
Every Spartan citizen ate the same meal at the same table every night. Black broth: pork cooked in its own blood with vinegar and salt. Each man contributed a fixed...
The Spartan Shield — Come Home With It, Or On It
The Spartan aspis (shield) weighed between 7 and 8 kilograms. It was constructed from wood, faced with hammered bronze, and marked with a lambda for Lacedaemon. Every other Greek hoplite...
The Spartan Shield — Come Home With It, Or On It
The Spartan aspis (shield) weighed between 7 and 8 kilograms. It was constructed from wood, faced with hammered bronze, and marked with a lambda for Lacedaemon. Every other Greek hoplite...
The Battle of Leuctra: Sparta's First Defeat
In 371 BC, the Theban general Epaminondas did what nobody in Greece thought possible. He broke a Spartan army in open battle. He killed their king. He destroyed roughly 400...
The Battle of Leuctra: Sparta's First Defeat
In 371 BC, the Theban general Epaminondas did what nobody in Greece thought possible. He broke a Spartan army in open battle. He killed their king. He destroyed roughly 400...
